What type of circuit is used to protect against overloads and short circuits?

The circuit designed to protect against overloads and short circuits is a circuit breaker. Circuit breakers serve as an automatic switch that interrupts the flow of electricity when a fault is detected, such as excessive current due to an overload or a short circuit. This protection prevents damage to electrical systems and helps ensure the safety of the electrical infrastructure.

When an overload occurs, circuit breakers sense the excessive current and trip, cutting off power to the circuit. They can also reset after the fault is cleared, allowing for convenient restoration of service without having to replace any components, unlike fuses that must be replaced once they blow.

This ability to stop current flow quickly and reset makes circuit breakers an essential safety feature in modern electrical systems. Other devices like fuses, while also used for overload protection, do not automatically reset and must be replaced after they blow, highlighting the convenience of using circuit breakers in many applications.